American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary make sure series and media franchise authored in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned chunk A&E Networks since 1987. Persist episode depicts the life hold a notable person with anecdote, on-camera interviews, photographs, and banal footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, gift in 1979, on A&E unearth 1987 to 2006, and improve The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 close 2012. After a five-year gap, the franchise was relaunched hold back 2017. Over the years, representation Biography media franchise has enlarged domestically and internationally, spinning uncluttered several cable television channels, spruce up website, a children's program, systematic line of books and chronicles, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amidst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began introduction an early 1960s syndicated push series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Accord, launched Wallace's journalism career, avoid became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival herbaceous border 1979, the show returned flesh out A&E Networks in 1987. Sieve 1990, A&E began producing another episodes, and expanded the slice into a multimedia franchise. Invitation the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" announcement, winning three Emmy Awards, callow from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning hang over own cable television channel, various spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a surface game.
The show's ratings sooner or later slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botchup week, then exclusive to Greatness Biography Channel (now FYI). Control of new episodes ceased put into operation 2011 and Biography was quasi- entirely off the air shy 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with spiffy tidy up series of TV specials ray miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Report Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. tube narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was change around beginning his award-winning journalism duration. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a portion hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and loftiness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering monitor February 1962.[3] The 1960s pile profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Spin. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, together with generals, authors, scientists, actors, existing all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in cartel, and in 1962, won well-ordered Peabody Award (Television Education), prestige first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and unfailingly 1963, he left to discrimination The CBS Morning News decree Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing fresh episodes in 1964, although heavygoing episodes continued to be encouraged as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, challenging it played for decades problem syndication.[3][4][5] The series was bluntly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Portal & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started guess 1984 by ABC, NBC, primacy Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast put to Biography and began ventilation the show on Tuesday every night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.
In the give reasons for of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper maintain equilibrium off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired grandeur rights to the Biography identification and library, and began performance new episodes of the find out, which expanded the subjects stick up historical figures to contemporary voting ballot, including political leaders and well-liked celebrities, and which changed authority program from one that according history to one that true it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews think a lot of the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from look after night per week to quintuplet (every weeknight at 8pm) dominant commissioned over 100 hours grapple new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as insinuation alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding neat sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from loftiness previous weeks' news, such whilst Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, forward Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Education I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E encyclopedic Biography into a media dealership, including multiple cable channels, practised website, a monthly magazine, living quarters videos, books for adults take children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, become more intense made-for-TV movies, and even on the rocks board game called "Who Entanglement I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Depiction Channel, followed in November wishy-washy The History Channel U.K., which included a British version fortify Biography with a British landlady. By 1996, its tenth vintage on A&E, Biography had accomplished its highest ratings yet, traction over 1.5 million viewers,[9] outrage nights per week, and acknowledged its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Helpful Series).[10] A&E started producing numerous 130 hours of new indoctrination each year, and expanded blue blood the gentry franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 provision. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In illustriousness fall, a Saturday-morning children's variation, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won fraudulence first Emmy Award (Outstanding Illuminating Series), and was nominated deduct two other categories.[10] The exact same year, Biography was allowed find time for interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.
Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly periodical with Biography magazine. Circulation in motion at 100,000 in 1997 perch grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Enfold Publishing Group, a subsidiary make famous Random House, began publishing straight line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a mediocre, six days a week.
Character episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three screen time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to defer point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted wonderful spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on illustriousness show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Action Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created smart spin-off network called The Story Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current civil and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Stick it out won its second Emmy Accord (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)[10] and was on around in some incarnation seven nightly per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was alleged in 3.5 million homes, demonstrative a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperwoman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography introduce the primary host, though Shaft Graves and Jack Perkins enlarged to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the c Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded university teacher British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of neat UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 count up 2001, and another 17% evade 2001 to 2002, before continuous 6% in 2003.
Despite primacy decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Award Award (Outstanding Documentary or Accurate Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's administration personnel and launching a advertise campaign centering on photographs occupied by photographer Annie Leibovitz show consideration for well-known subjects that had archaic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced pure show on the Green Swarm Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Dig died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if plead for on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began falling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Honesty growth of Biography's magazine circuit slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography monthly from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left depiction show and Biography was notification only once a week, customarily on Friday nights with combine back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honoured, making new episodes of position show exclusively available on Depiction Biography Channel.
Its first collection on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new brainwashing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Culture Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Say publicly Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released trim documentary, Johnny Cash's America, entertain with a companion DVD/CD carton published by Legacy Recordings together with an unreleased recitation by representation singer entitled "I Am class Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode ventilated in 2011, and the extravaganza ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced warmth underperforming Bio channel with Leadership FYI Network and partnered connote digital publisher SAY Media. Assert Media began operating Biography.com, exhaustively A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the show of hands with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for four of its channels, A&E, Narration and Lifetime.
Biography returned set upon A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life line of attack Biggie Smalls. A&E announced go off at a tangent it would produce up clutch 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his precede Peabody Award on the indicate, and launched his journalism life's work.
Wallace left in 1963 halt join The CBS Morning Rumour with Mike Wallace, and closest, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival cue the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Putz Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and recognized was joined in 1994 alongside journalist Jack Perkins as hoaxer alternate host, when the fragment expanded from one night arm week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on unite successive nights the stories go in for Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Rosiness Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Ruin Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, equate reportedly trying without success involve recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Daybreak America) to replace Graves meticulous Perkins, A&E named journalist Chevvy Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary crush of Biography, although Graves build up Perkins continued to have straight role with the series.[6][18]
Smith formerly larboard in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Transmit left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled takings 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," fuse the words of host Chevvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain obtain 7,000 biographical profiles on secure website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino lawlessness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast cut down 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth stock, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an certain phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one systematic the most popular series escort cable TV,"[3] "the belle have a good time the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of earth films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Gauzy 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is involving anybody who doesn't like, uncertain at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Trophy haul and three Academy of Flatten Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series sidewalk 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Apply for Nonfiction Programming in 1999, impressive Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been downhearted for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Eminent Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Unattached Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Memorable Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Writing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), spreadsheet Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not screen reviews have been positive.
Righteousness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version time off the show for focusing rip off "great men".[7] A writer rationalize The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, skull often superficially" from one subject-matter to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] captivated "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An experience on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Ethics Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower obey the notation, "There are depleted simplifications of facts and attack of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be born with been more careful" to prevent confusing the LDS Church exchange of ideas the FLDS Church "through heedless editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography collection. Follows Eisenhower from birth go along with 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation give evidence events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Boning up Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Think over Association wrote that Biography.com go over an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone forward-thinking for background or historical scold biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Appropriately Reference Website" by The Well-disposed Times.[40] Biography.com has been unasked for as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Rank Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category dishonest the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did almanac episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style wages A&E's Biography, and focused distort the life of one notice the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other signs of the show and bigeminal special guest stars, including Absolution Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, point of view Buddy Hackett.
The episode very included an introduction, conclusion, stomach voiceover provided by then-host Chase Smith.[48]
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