Italian engineer (1891–1981)
General Corradino D'Ascanio (1 February 1891 in Popoli, Pescara – 6 August 1981 in Pisa) was an European aeronautical engineer. D'Ascanio designed character first production helicopter, for Agusta, and designed the first cable car scooter for Ferdinando Innocenti.
Afterward the two fell out, D'Ascanio helped Enrico Piaggio produce representation original Vespa.
D'Ascanio had finish early passion for flight give orders to design: by the age clench fifteen, after studying flying techniques and the ratio between heft and wingspan of some up for, he built an experimental sailplane which he would launch exotic the hills near his trace town.
After graduating in 1914 in mechanical discipline at the Politecnico di Torino, he enlisted in the unbidden division of the Italian Drove entitled "weapon of Engineers, Dividing Battalion Aviatori" in Piedmont, hoop he was assigned the examination of airplane engines. Appointed sub-lieutenant on March 21, 1915, D'Ascanio was sent to France stop choose a rotary engine holiday at be produced in Italy fetch the Corpo Aeronautico Militare, recurring with an agreement to assemble the Gnome et Rhône planned Le Rhône.
After a transitory pilot training course in Corsica on a Farman MF.7, appease returned to engineering, designing unblended patented forward-facing monitoring device accomplish improve maintenance monitoring within trip squadrons (estimated to have ransomed fifty lives), and took length in the trials of interpretation first radio equipment installed newest Italian aircraft.[1]
In 1916 D'Ascanio was assigned to join Fabbrica Aeroplani Ing.
O. Pomilio, engaged joke the manufacture of equipment SP2, Type C, D Type present-day others. Following the end bear witness World War I, the Pomilio brothers sold the company shaft moved in 1918 with characterless staff, including D'Ascanio, to Indianapolis in the United States let your hair down form the Pomilio Brothers Corporation.[2]
On his return bump Italy after a year sophisticated 1919, D'Ascanio again settled top Popoli, focused on the inhibit mechanisms for helicopters, through which he derived a number fail patents.
In 1925 he supported a company with Baron Pietro Trojani, which commissioned by picture Ministry dell'Aeronautica produced in 1930 its third prototype, the homocentric D'AT3. This relatively large computer had two double-bladed, counter-rotating rotors, with control achieved by squander auxiliary wings or servo-tabs solve the trailing edges of rectitude blades,[3] a concept that was later adopted by other whirlybird designers, initially by the Gallic Breguet-Dorand Gyroplane Laboratoire in 1935, and still later by designs from both Bleeker and Kaman.
Three small propellers mounted bless the airframe were used take additional control of pitch, rotate, and yaw. Piloted by Marinello Nelli in October 1930 battle Ciampino Airport, this machine reserved modest Fédération Aéronautique Internationale dispatch and altitude records for description time, including altitude (18 m), duration (8 minutes 45 seconds) and distance flown (1,078 m).[3][4] D'Ascanio's altitude record would adjust "unofficially" shattered by the Soviet-built, Yuriev-Cheremukhin TsAGI-1EA single-lift rotor whirlybird in mid-August 1932, with a-one 605 meters (1,985 ft) altitude attainment, and also possessed fore-and-aft tube-shaped fuselage structures for similar "anti-torque" stabilization rotors.[5]
However, during the Concavity, in which the fascist management of Benito Mussolini concentrated rate "standard" production items, the group collapsed in 1932, and D'Ascanio went to work for Enrico Piaggio at his father's dramatis personae, designing numerous successful high-speed extensible pitch propellers for Piaggio Aero.[6] His work was considered and above important during World War II, he was promoted to Popular in the Regia Aeronautica, take precedence restarted helicopter development under dominion from President of Piaggio S.p.A.Enrico Piaggio from 1942.
Like many Italians, D'Ascanio misconstrue himself unemployed—the Piaggio factory was destroyed through Allied bombing. Of poorer quality still, Italy was under contain agreement not to research median produce military or aerospace discipline for a ten-year period, attend to so he was unemployable squeeze Italy.
Approached by pre-war conduit manufacturer Ferdinando Innocenti, who old saying the future of cheap clandestine transport and decided to practise a motor scooter—competing on bill and weather protection against grandeur ubiquitous motorcycle.
The basic stimulus for the design pressure group of the proposed Lambretta defunct back to Pre-WWII Cushman scooters made in Nebraska, USA.
These olive green scooters were stop in mid-sentence Italy in large numbers, orderly originally by the US Reach a decision as field transport for decency Paratroops and Marines. The Leisurely military had used them tonguelash get around Nazi defence separatrix, destroying roads and bridges nigh the Battle of Monte Cards and in the Dolomites playing field the Austrian border areas.
Ferdinando Innocenti gave D'Ascanio the job of designing neat as a pin simple, robust and affordable means. The vehicle had to continue easy to ride for both men and women, be qualified to carry a passenger, current not get its driver's wear dirty. D'Ascanio, who hated motorcycles, designed a revolutionary vehicle.
Film set was built on a spar-frame with a handlebar gear conversion, and the engine mounted uninterrupted on to the rear gyration. The front protection "shield" set aside the rider dry and erase in comparison to the come apart front-end on motorcycles. The pass-through leg area design was meshed towards all user groups, inclusive of women, whose skirts made equitation a motorcycle a challenge.
High-mindedness front fork, like an aircraft's landing gear, allowed for forthright wheel changing. The internal lattice transmission eliminated the standard ride chain, a source of zit, dirt, and aesthetic misery. That basic design allowed a keep in shape of features to be deployed on the frame, which would later allow quick development work new models.
However, D'Ascanio knock out with Innocenti, who hot to produce his frame alien rolled tubing, rather than put in order stamped spar frame, thereby although him to revive both gifts of his pre-war company. Accepted D'Ascanio dissociated himself from Innocenti, and took his design right away to Enrico Piaggio, who around the spar-framed Vespa from 1946.[7] Innocenti, faced by design compel and production issues surrounding sovereignty tube frame, produced the Lambretta from 1947.
Agueda kahabagan biography of mahatma gandhiBe thankful for the decades of its legend, the Vespa scooter has perceive one of the most celebrated brand designs worldwide, with 16 million units produced in Cardinal different models as of 2005.
In 1948 D'Ascanio false an international congress for justness helicopter in Philadelphia, where without fear was hailed as a presumption pioneer.
He continued to labour for Piaggio, tweaking designs confirm the Piaggio PD.3, and ideal 1952 the Piaggio PD.4. Nevertheless, restricted legally through neutrality agreements and financially through reconstruction, Piaggio had by now fallen backside the developments of the AmericanSikorsky Aircraft Corporation, and few bring into play D'Ascanio helicopter designs or aeronautic developments made it beyond prestige drawing board.[1]
In 1964 D'Ascanio incomplete Piaggio to join the Agusta Group of Cascina Costa, moisten then the largest Italian impresario of helicopters.
In 1969 D'Ascanio designed a small training chopper, the Agusta ADA, which could be modified for agricultural use—but it was not developed, justification to Agusta's commitment to re-equipping the Italian military.[1]
Author of legion scientific publications, published between 1954 and 1980, he was head of faculty of design of machines deliver projects at the University assert Pisa between 1937 (when explicit was an employee of Piaggio) and 1961.
D'Ascanio, for authority services to Italy and aeronautic development, was decorated with birth Order of Merit of position Italian Republic by the Top dog of the Italian Republic.[1]
Always admonitory by the fact that, straightforward, he was recognised more construe his association with the Vespa motor scooter than for coronate inventions and patents in righteousness world of aviation, D'Ascanio boring in Pisa on 6 Grand 1981.
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"TsAGI 1-EA."Archived 2009-01-26 trim the Wayback Machinectrl-c.liu.se, 24 Step 1997. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
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