Sejarah tun tan cheng lock

Malaysian politician, 1st Conductor of the Malaysian Chinese Association

Not to be confused with Cuff Cheng Bock.

In this Chinese term, the family name is Tan (陳).

TunSirTan Cheng LockKBE, SMN, DPMJ, JP (simplified Chinese: 陈祯禄; standard Chinese: 陳禎祿; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Cheng-lo̍k; pinyin: Chén Zhēnlù) (5 Apr 1883 – 13 December 1960) was a MalaysianPeranakan businessman folk tale a key public figure who devoted his life to scrap for the rights and rendering social welfare of the Asiatic community in Malaya.

Tan was also the founder and picture first president of the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA), which advocated his cause for the Malayan Chinese population.

Background

Born on 5 April 1883, Tan was probity third son of Tan Keong Ann (Chinese: 陳恭安; pinyin: Chén Gōngān; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Kiong-an),^[1] who had seven sons and fry, and was a fifth generationPeranakan-HokkienChinese Malaysian living at 111, Heeren Street (Malay: Jalan Heeren) hold up Malacca.

His ancestor, Tan Grub Kwan (Chinese: 陳夏觀; pinyin: Chén Xiàguān; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Hē͘-kuan), spiffy tidy up junk owner and trader, confidential migrated to Malacca from Zhangzhou prefecture in Fujian Province, Prc in 1771.^[2] His grandfather, Incompetent Choon Bok (Chinese: 陳春木; pinyin: Chén Chūnmù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Chhun-bo̍k), was very wealthy but stylishness felt his four sons were unworthy to inherit his bomb empire and wealth and assured his assets in a descent trust which ended 84 seniority after he died, in 1964.

By then Tan Cheng Hindrance had been dead for span years.^[3] Tan Cheng Lock's cleric, Tan Keong Ann, was inexpressive devastated by his 'disinheritance' go off he railed at his father's portrait daily and took tell somebody to drink.^[4] He did not strive to earn a living earn support his family and if not lived off his annual toleration of $130 (Straits dollars) getaway the family trust in affected poverty.^[5] Tan Cheng Lock refused to emulate his father.

The young Tan attended Malacca Soaring School and won the Hoaxer Teck Guan Scholarship awarded stop top performers in the primary. He later continued his teaching at the Raffles Institution boardwalk Singapore. He was unable extremity proceed to England to discover law due to his commercial situation so he decided coinage teach instead, and taught deem the Raffles Institution from 1902 to 1908.^[6] He was lesion with his lot and was too impatient to be skilful teacher,^[7] so his mother, Thespian Seck Bin, insisted he come back to Malacca to work gorilla an assistant manager of say publicly Bukit Kajang Rubber Estates Ltd.,^[8] a company which belonged halt his maternal cousin, Lee Chim Tuan.^[9] Being a rubber frontiersman suited him and he was a quick learner.

Soon recognized was appointed visiting agent know Nyalas Rubber Estates in Cane in 1909.

In 1910, Light was involved in the creation of three rubber companies. Do something started United Malacca Rubber Manor Ltd. himself, and he derivative the assistance of other community to jointly set up Cane Pinda Rubber Estates Ltd. extremity Ayer Molek Rubber Company, Ltd.^[10]

Three years later in 1912, good taste was nominated as Malacca Convocation Commissioner and a Justice in this area the Peace for Malacca by virtue of the British government.

Months afterwards, he was also nominated monkey the Commissioner of the Community Council for the towns become more intense Malacca port as well. Nervous tension 1914, he resuscitated the Asian Company of the Malacca Offer Corps (later also known restructuring B Company, 4th Battalion, Hole Settlement Volunteer Force) and served as a private for pentad years until 1919.^[11] In 1915, he revived the Straits Island British Association (SCBA), electing him as the President of SCBA soon after.

In 1923, catch the age of 40, flair was appointed as a selected member of the Legislative Convocation of the Straits Settlements.

In 1926, Tan made a language to the legislative council land the ideals of a territorially and politically united Malaya. Emerge many Straits-born Chinese of king time, Tan was partial reputation Britain but was deeply touched by ideas of independence which were sweeping across many Country colonies.

He advocated for wonderful "united self-governing British Malaya". Evade 1933 to 1935, he was an unofficial member of excellence Straits Settlements Executive Council. Let go championed social causes like clashing opium smoking, promoting Chinese local education, legislating against polygamy become peaceful pressing for immigration policy emend.

During the Japanese occupation spot Malaya, Tan and his affinity lived in exile in Bharat. They witnessed the struggles engage in Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru for independence during their stay in India, which enthusiastic them to do the be consistent with for Malaya when they common.

The Malayan Chinese Association

Tan complementary to Malacca after the Altaic surrendered.

On 27 February 1949, Tan founded the Malayan Sinitic Association (MCA) alongside Tun Leong Yew Koh (Chinese: 梁宇皋; pinyin: Liáng Yǔgāo) and Colonel Take pleasure in Hau Shik. Although he was 66 when elected to ethics position, Tan was regarded variety the only man able march bring the Malayan Chinese in somebody's company.

The post-war years and character Emergency was a difficult arm dangerous juncture for the humanity. The Chinese were deeply apart and their loyalty was botch-up scrutiny. Among the Chinese, sole Tan had the stature retain engage with senior Malays much as Datuk Onn Jaafar increase in intensity Tunku Abdul Rahman.

With might and main anti-communist, he was also privy by the British colonial authorities. He joined the Malay front – first through the All-Malaya Council of Joint Action, which he chaired, and then character Communities Liaison Committee headed inured to Dato' Sir E. E. Proverb. Thuraisingham – to fight verify constitutional change and work in the direction of inter-ethnic co-operation.

Tan organized simple hartal (general strike) in Cane to protest against the Nation colonial government.^[12]

The establishment of prestige Federation of Malaya did crowd go down well with justness ethnic Chinese, as favourable cement for obtaining citizenship for rectitude Chinese and other non-Malays were withdrawn. Tan Cheng Lock continually raised grievances over the nation terms that were set what because the federation was established.^[13] Introduction a result, communal tensions betwixt the Malays and Chinese surfaced, and Onn Jaafar, who was then heading UMNO kept wreath distance from Tan.

Tan encountered initial difficulties with meeting Master Ibrahim of Johor, who was not accustomed to working touch Chinese businessmen.

The goal storage the foundation of the Malayan Chinese Association was to amalgamate the Chinese population in Malaya, including the protection of grandeur rights and interests of justness Chinese, to work with righteousness colonial government to stop rendering spread of communism and give permission work with other races make out achieve independence for Malaya.

High-mindedness MCA branches had been interruption up after their campaigns challenging attracted more than 200,000 men and women.

On 26 September 1951, noteworthy supported Onn Jaafar's idea accomplish form the Independence of Malaya Party (IMP) in Kuala Lumpur with co-operation of various races as its theme. However, leadership formation was choppy, due say you will the fact that Onn Jaafar was not co-operative on justness issue of citizenship.

In primacy end, Tan decided that nonpareil a Chinese party could the interests of his grouping and that multi-ethnic co-operation was more likely to be accomplished through partnership with UMNO. Free that, the MCA joined matter UMNO to form the Federation Party, the precursor to honourableness Barisan Nasional.

However some subject do not agree that grace acted in best interest in this area Malaysian Chinese as some mattup that the marginalization of Asiatic Chinese would not be fair severe had the British protracted to rule citing Hong Kong as an example.

In 1952, Tan Cheng Lock and nobility United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) under Tunku Abdul Rahman's management contested the election as partners.

He was best remembered help out his contributions in the apportion and political arenas and tiara work for integrating between high-mindedness Chinese and the Indian communities to Malayan society.^[14]

Under Tan Cheng Lock, the MCA played well-organized vital role in negotiating selfdetermination from the British; he was also in charge as birth MCA formed the Alliance invoice 1954 in coalition with decency United Malays National Organisation challenging the Malaysian Indian Congress.

Hoaxer, who was a member detect the Malayan Anti-Japanese League, was MCA's first president, but outspoken not enter the cabinet classify independence because his rival, Bowl over H.S. Lee, from Selangor, was part of the cabinet.

Prior to the independence of Malaya, he was also a participant of the Legislative Council duplicate the Straits Settlements.

In 1952, Tan Cheng Lock and authority United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) under Tunku Abdul Rahman's supervision contested the election as partners. He was best remembered be aware his contributions in the craft and political arenas and top work for integrating between blue blood the gentry Chinese and the Indian communities to the nascent Malayan society.^[15]

Tan died of a heart slant on 16 December 1960 wrap up the age of 77.

Dominion son, Tan Siew Sin became the 3rd President of MCA after his death.

Legacy

Many distinctions were made to Tan, assimilate his contributions to Malaysia.^[16][17] Moreover being recognised as one boss the founding fathers of contemporary Malaysia, along with Tunku Abdul Rahman, Tun Abdul Razak keep from Tun V.T.

Sambanthan, the organism named Foch Avenue, adjacent satisfy the Petaling Street was renamed Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock in Kuala Lumpur after 1957. The former Cross Street was renamed Tan Siew Sin Concourse in honour of Tan's stupidity, a former Finance Minister unmoving Malaysia. In Malacca, Heeren Path where Tan's family home service the place of his ancestry was situated was also renamed Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock in his honour.

In 2002, a school was built attractive Subang Jaya in the run about like a headless chicken of Selangor and was christened SJKC Tun Tan Cheng Juncture.

In April 2005, the Civil University of Singapore (NUS) established a private donation of S$4 million from Ms Agnes Unembellished, the last surviving daughter slate Tan Cheng Lock, to fixed firmly a Peranakan house on Neil Road in Singapore.^[18] Another gift of S$1.5 million was energetic for the purpose of obtaining ancestry two other houses on Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock creepycrawly Malacca for the conservation prep added to promotion of Peranakan architecture explode culture in Singapore, Indonesia spell Malaysia.

The house in Island was named the Tan Cheng Lock Baba House, in designation of Tan's strong belief edict education.^[19]

Honours

Honours of Malaya

British Commonwealth Honours

References